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Home
/ Natural world
/ Ecology of Portland Harbour |
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| Below Low Tide |
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| This is the busiest
area of the seashore because conditions here are favourable
to a variety of animals and seaweeds. This is because, being
below the low-water mark, it never dries out, so animals don't
have to adapt to survive periods without water. For the same
reason, there is stiff competition amongst the inhabitants of
this fertile zone. |
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Plantlife
- The plants you can find here include Eelgrass,
which as its name suggests is long, green, and flowing in
appearance, and is easily recognised, so there's not much
danger of confusing it with the other sort of seaweed you're
likely to find at this level.
- Kelp. This is brownish-olive in colour. There are
two main species: Sea Belt, with a crinkled spearhead-shaped
leaf on a short stem, and Oarweed, with a broad,
flat, deeply fringed leaf also on a stem.
- The third type is the red algae, such as Caragheen,
distinguishable by their colour. These seaweeds are at the
bottom of the food chain.
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| Caragheen |
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| Cowries |
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Shellfish
Next up the food chain are the shellfish, which graze on the
seaweed.
- Winkles are small molluscs which live in a pointy
spiral shell.
- The small, seed shaped shells with the toothy grin belong
to one or other of the Cowries, either Spotted or
the English. They also graze on seaweed.
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Hunters
- The Dogwhelk, by contrast is a hunter, and preys
upon the Blue Mussel, or the white wart-like Barnacle. In
fact you can tell which he prefers, because the mussel-eaters
become dark, and the barnacle eaters become white. If they
have a mixed diet they will actually become stripy!
- The Corkwing Wrasse, is another shell-fish eater
- a small (a few inches) greenish-brown fish. It has a deep,
flat body and a dark spot at the base of the tail.
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| Corkwing Wrasse |
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Scavengers
- The Velvet Swimming Crab is a dark blue, and, as
its name suggests, velvety creature, and it has an array
of sharp, horn-like projections either side of its face.
It is a scavenger.
- Easily distinguished by its long spidery legs and overall
reddish-orange colour is the Spider Crab. Some species
can grow quite large and are edible (but don't try taking
them home!).
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